Polar vortices are present in planetary atmospheres, from the Earth-like rocky planets to Jupiter- and Saturn-like gas giants. However, not much is known about their existence and characteristics on our Sun due to the present lack of direct observations at the poles. Unlike planetary atmospheres, the subsurface layers of the Sun are highly influenced by
Skiphosoura bavarica, a species of pterosaur that lived around 149 million years ago in what is now southern Germany, bridges the gaps between the early monofenestratan pterosaurs and the later pterodactyloids. Life restoration of two Skiphosoura bavarica in flight. Image credit: Gabriel Ugueto. For two hundred years, paleontologists split the pterosaurs into two major groups
In a new paper published today in the journal Optica, physicists describe how a laser beam can be made to cast a shadow that behaves as any other ordinary shadow. Photographic images of the shadow of a laser beam; a high-power green laser beam (the object), traveling through a cube of ruby, is illuminated from
Astronomers using the NASA/ESA/CSA James Webb Space Telescope have discovered three ultra-massive galaxies — nearly as massive as our own Milky Way Galaxy — already in place within the first billion years after the Big Bang. Part of the JWST/FRESCO survey, this discovery indicates that stars in the early Universe grew much more rapidly than
Until now, β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) has been known as a compound produced by the liver to be used as fuel. In a new study, researchers discovered that BHB also participates in another metabolic pathway; in this case, an enzyme called CNDP2 joins BHB to amino acids; furthermore, the most abundant BHB-amino acid, N-β-hydroxybutyryl phenylalanine (BHB-Phe), can
In 1961, American astrophysicist and astrobiologist Dr. Frank Drake devised an equation in which several factors are multiplied together to estimate the number of intelligent civilizations in our Milky Way Galaxy capable of making their presence known to humans. More than 60 years on, astrophysicists have produced a different model which instead focuses on the
Updated 2 months ago · Published on 11 Sep 2024 4:00PM · The Sarawak DAP assemblyman for Pending, Violet Yong, has claimed that the Autonomous Rapid Transit hydrogen tram project in Kuching will cost up to a shocking RM6 billion. – Facebook pic, September 11, 2024. THE SARAWAK DAP assemblyman for Pending, Violet Yong, has claimed
Home Hydrogen Second European Hydrogen Bank auction with €1.2 billion budget is officially open December 3, 2024, by Ajsa Habibic The European Commission (EC) has officially opened the second auction under the European Hydrogen Bank, via the Innovation Fund (IF24), to allocate €1.2 billion from EU Emissions Trading System (ETS) revenues to support producers of hydrogen categorized as
Paleontologists have identified a new species of the extinct armadillo genus Parutaetus from fossilized osteoderms collected in the state of Paraná in southern Brazil. Hypothetical artistic reconstruction of Parutaetus oliveirai in the Middle-Late Eocene of Brazil. Image credit: Márcio L. Castro. Parutaetus oliveirai inhabited South America between 42 and 39 million years ago (Middle-Late Eocene
The Neanderthal groups that inhabited a cave in what is now Spain approximately 46,000 years ago gathered and collected fossils, according to a paper published in the journal Quaternary. Marine fossils from Prado Vargas Cave, Spain. Image credit: Ruiz et al., doi: 10.3390/quat7040049. Collecting is a form of leisure, and even a passion, consisting of
This coverage is made possible through a partnership between Grist and WBEZ , a public radio station serving the Chicago metropolitan region. The U.S. Department of Energy is rolling out the first installment of its $1 billion commitment to ramp up clean hydrogen production in the Midwest, part of a bid by the Biden administration
